Innovation and labor in the port industry: A comparison between Genoa and Antwerp

With the advancement of innovation initiatives in port industry, labor has fundamentally changed terms new tasks, skills required, professional profiles, training, employment relations, work organization, and number jobs. Current literature often focuses more on assessment investments this particular sector rather than evaluation innovative processes interaction with issues. In article, authors assess relationship between industry by comparing two distinct case studies—the ports Antwerp Genoa—which are characterized partially common features different socio-institutional contexts. Based qualitative research conducted 2016 2019, comparative study finds that incremental solutions produce a polarized market both cases, as previous studies assess. Nevertheless, findings show that, Antwerp, mediated structured bargaining system interacts positively issues solutions, while Genoa, disarticulated less context reflects weaker ability to influence virtuously intertwine employment.